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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants, the most commonly prescribed treatment for ADHD, appear to regulate brain chemicals and increase their levels. They do not cure the disorder and only manage symptoms if taken regularly. The adverse effects of ADHD medication could include an increase in blood pressure and heart rate and stomach upset as well as anxiety and tics. Children and teens who take stimulant drugs experience a minor reduction in their growth rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant and the most commonly prescribed medication for ADHD. It is available in many forms such as a chewable tablet, a liquid as well as a long-acting oral disintegrating tablet, and an extended-release pill. The drug is effective by increasing the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which help to increase focus. It can also help reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety. When coupled with other treatments, like behavioral therapy, methylphenidate can be an effective treatment for ADHD. Methylphenidate blocks transporters that remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The medication can cause a slight increase in blood pressure and heart rate. It can also cause an abrupt change in blood sugar levels, which is why diabetics should be cautious when taking this medication. If you encounter any of these side effects, speak to your physician. Methylphenidate may also cause Raynaud’s phenomenon, which causes numbness of the feet and fingers. This is a rare side effect however it is essential to inform your doctor if you experience these symptoms. There is some concern that methylphenidate slows children's growth, but it hasn't been proven to be the situation. If you have a child who is being treated with methylphenidate, ensure that you monitor his or her weight and height carefully. If your child is taking a methylphenidate tablet, the phenylalanine in it could be harmful to children with phenylketonuria. If you suffer from PKU, ask your doctor about different forms of methylphenidate. Stimulants are the most popular medication for treating ADHD, but some individuals have issues with these medications. In these instances, doctors may prescribe other medications that work similarly. There are other stimulants like dexamfetamine or lisdexamfetamine, besides the methylphenidate. These drugs can last for longer and are stronger than methylphenidate. The typical dosage is every day, either twice or three times However, some people might be able to take them more often. Psychological treatments are also available to treat ADHD however, they are less likely to be helpful than a stimulant. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also known as Strattera and is a non-stimulant ADHD drug that boosts concentration while reducing the impulsivity and hyperactivity. It's part of a class of drugs known as selective norepinephrine receptor inhibitors. It increases levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemical messengers that control the brain's activity. It is a favorite choice for both adults and children who prefer a different type of medication than stimulants, like Adderall and Vyvanse. It is important to realize that atomoxetine isn't a drug that works instantly. It could take up to 6 weeks before the effects of this drug are evident. There are also negative side effects, such as nausea and drowsiness. For most patients the benefits of taking atomoxetine are greater than any risk. The efficacy of atomoxetine has been verified in a double-blind, multisite placebo-controlled study involving 297 ADHD patients ages 12 to 18. The participants were randomized to receive atomoxetine at a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine and the placebo group experienced reduction in symptoms of depression. The atomoxetine treatment group showed greater improvement in ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group. However, the improvement was modest (Michelson and colleagues 2001). In another open trial in another open trial, 10 patients with ADHD who were unable to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine over 8 weeks. The group treated with atomoxetine showed improvement in ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version and Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale increasing significantly. One patient had to withdraw due to a eruption. Three patients also reported transient gastrointestinal symptoms, and one patient noticed an increase in fatigue. Before you begin treatment with atomoxetine to your doctor about your medical history as well as any other supplements or medications that you're taking. This includes herbal remedies and other over-the-counter medicines. Tell your doctor when any of the following conditions occur such as narrow-angle glaucoma, a thyroid or adrenal gland tumour; high blood pressure; heart disease or sudden death. You should also avoid atomoxetine if taken an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid linezolid, methylene blue injection, rasagiline or phenelzine, as well as tranylcypromine within the last 14 days. Bupropion Bupropion is a non-stimulant medication that can aid in reducing symptoms of ADHD. It can also reduce impulsivity and boost concentration, but it doesn't affect the brain in the same way as stimulants do. It's only available with a prescription. Your doctor will decide the best dosage for you. Bupropion is available in tablets and extended-release capsules. It is essential to take the medication exactly as instructed. You might experience withdrawal symptoms when you stop abruptly. The most common dosage is two or three doses daily separated by four to six hours. The dose can vary between 100mg and three times per day up to 150mg four or three times each day. The drug is absorbed into the digestive tract and eliminated into urine, meaning it cannot be absorbed into breast milk. However, it is able to enter the bloodstream and impact other organs. Bupropion can raise blood pressure, so it's important to monitor it frequently. Bupropion is a great drug that, in addition to reducing ADHD symptoms it can also help reduce depression. It can also be used to treat bipolar disorder. It is a method of blocking dopamine receptors within your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter dopamine, from reaching your brain. This helps to stabilize your mood. Bupropion can interact with other medications So it's crucial to inform your doctor about any other medications you're taking. It's important to let your doctor know if you have any allergies. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants since they can make side effects worse. In several studies, bupropion was compared to placebos for adults suffering from ADHD. These studies produced mixed results and were poorly designed. Furthermore, many of them excluded people with psychiatric comorbidity. medications for adhd uk suggests that bupropion can have an impact on ADHD. However, more research is needed to determine positive patient-centered outcomes such as improvement in quality of life. Additionally, a more precise understanding of the molecular subtypes of ADHD is required before effective treatment can be created. This requires a deeper understanding of the relationship between different molecular pathways. It's also important to understand how anti-ADHD drugs work in conjunction with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants can be prescribed by doctors if stimulants prescribed for children with ADHD don't work or cause side adverse effects. These medications, such as imipramine and Nortriptyline (Aventyl and Pamelor) boost the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which help people focus. These older medications can cause serious negative side negative effects. They are typically used when other medications do not work. The first option of antidepressants for depression is typically a selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) like fluoxetine sertraline, citalopram, or escitalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants, which have been around for a long time, can be used in some cases. These medications are also effective in reducing neuropathic pain. They also provide a pain-relieving effect that is separate from their antidepressant effect. They potentiate the noradrenephrine receptor by blocking its reuptake. They also function as descending modulators for pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs are less toxic and have fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They are also less harmful during pregnancy and do not appear to be teratogenic to humans or animals. If they are abruptly stopped, they may cause severe withdrawal symptoms. Your doctor might suggest gradually reducing the dose over a few weeks to reduce the effects. Although it isn't officially recognized by the FDA as an adhd medication Bupropion is a widely prescribed antidepressant that is off-label for ADHD. It's believed to increase the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine and acetylcholine in the brain to improve concentration. It also helps reduce anxiety and stress. It can be used in conjunction with stimulants for more rapid and lasting results. While there are no other FDA-approved medications that are nonstimulant for ADHD however, many people find relief with the use of supplements to their diets and herbs. A diet that is low in sugar and fat may also aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. Also, avoiding caffeine can be beneficial for some. Discuss with your doctor any medicines you or your child take such as herbal remedies and prescription medications. This will avoid interactions and reduce unwanted side effects. ADHD medications can affect everyone differently, so it's sometimes an exercise of trial and error to find the right dosage and drug for your child or yourself.